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Clickhouse

ClickHouse Deduplicates Retried Inserts: A UInt128 Hash of the Block Plus the Partition ID

Oct 18, 2026 18 min read Jay Hubbert

ClickHouse hashes each inserted block into a UInt128 dedup token and keeps a bounded window of recent tokens to detect retries.

ClickhouseInternalsReplicationInsertDeduplication

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ReplacingMergeTree Keeps One Row per Sorting Key: SELECT FINAL Re-runs the Collapse at Query Time

Oct 18, 2026 20 min read Jay Hubbert

ReplacingMergeTree collapses rows by sorting key and version; SELECT FINAL recomputes that collapse at query time.

ClickhouseInternalsMergetreeReplacingmergetreeFinal

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ClickHouse's Bloom Filter Skip Index: One 64-Bit Hash, k Fixed Seeds, a 21-by-15 Rate Table

Oct 18, 2026 22 min read Jay Hubbert

ClickHouse’s bloom_filter skip index keeps one bitset per granule and derives k bit positions from one 64-bit hash.

ClickhousePerformanceInternalsIndexesBloom filter

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ClickHouse Deletes Rows With a One-Byte Mask: Wide Parts Hardlink the Rest

Oct 18, 2026 18 min read Jay Hubbert

ClickHouse’s lightweight DELETE stores a hidden _row_exists mask column and hardlinks every other column instead of rewriting them.

ClickhouseInternalsMutationsDeletesPerformance

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ClickHouse's Window Transform Feeds Only the Rows That Entered the Frame: Three Nested Bounds

Oct 18, 2026 16 min read Jay Hubbert

ClickHouse’s window transform advances a moving frame and updates the aggregate state incrementally instead of recomputing it per row.

ClickhousePerformanceInternalsWindow functions

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